ABOUT PAKISTAN
Pakistan is situated between latitude 24 and 37 degrees North and longitude 62 and 75 degrees East. On the west border of the country is Iran, India is on the east, Afghanistan in the north-west, China in the north and the Arabian Sea is on the south
Pakistan has a strategically advantageous location vis a vis being a geographical centre of the Asian Continent. Forming a bridge between the Middle East and the Far East, Pakistan's can be a hub for trade and communication. A wide transportation network complements this strategic placement. With three major international airports and 38 domestic airports, Pakistan serves more than 50 international airlines.
Pakistan has a continental type of climate, characterized by extreme variations of temperature. Very high altitudes modify the climate in the cold, snow-covered northern mountains. Temperatures on the Balochistan Plateau are somewhat higher. Along the coastal strip the climate is tempered by sea breezes. In the rest of the country temperatures rise steeply in the summer and hot winds blow across the plains during the day. The daily variation in temperature may be as much as 11 degree C to 17 degree centigrade. Winters are cold with minimum mean temperature of about 4 degree centigrade in January

solar energy

Solar energy is the radiant light and heat from the Sun that has been harnessed by humans since ancient
times using a range of ever-evolving technologies. Solar radiation along with secondary solar resources
such as wind and wave power, hydroelectricity and biomass account for most of the available renewable
energy on Earth. Only a minuscule fraction of the available solar energy is used.
Solar power technologies provide electrical generation by means of heat engines or photovoltaics. Once
converted its uses are only limited by human ingenuity. A partial list of solar applications includes space
heating and cooling through solar architecture, potable water via distillation and disinfection,
daylighting, hot water, thermal energy for cooking, and high temperature process heat for industrial
purposes.
Solar technologies are broadly characterized as either passive solar or active solar depending on the way they capture, convert and distribute sunlight. Active solar techniques include the use of photovoltaic
panels, solar thermal collectors, with electrical or mechanical equipment, to convert sunlight into useful
outputs. Passive solar techniques include orienting a building to the Sun, selecting materials with
favorable thermal mass or light dispersing properties, and designing spaces that naturally circulate air.